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The Return of Salsa?
8th September 2024
On September 8, 2024, the spacecraft, designated "Salsa" (Cluster 2), returned to Earth's atmosphere over the South Pacific Ocean. Cluster's 20 years in orbit have yielded priceless information on the Sun's interaction with Earth's magnetic field, which has improved our understanding and ability to predict space weather. Cluster's first-ever targeted reentry will be remembered for a second reason: it will help ESA establish itself as a global leader in sustainable space exploration. The Cluster quartet circled over the poles, where there is a lot of magnetic activity, but the majority of missions studying Earth's magnetic phenomena concentrate on the equator. We have never been able to "see" sections of the magnetosphere with several spacecraft simultaneously before, until now, thanks to Cluster's ability to observe at higher latitudes than previous missions.
Salsa’s re-entry, which was first seen by a plane (first-ever recorded observation of a satellite reentry from a high-speed orbit). Credit: esa.int
References
European Space Agency. "Goodnight, Cluster: brilliant end to trailblazing mission." [ esa.int]
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Bengaluru Space Expo (BSX)
18th to 20th September, 2024
Dr. S. Somanath visiting the three-day exhibition. Credit: isro.gov.in
The International Event held at BIEC in Bengaluru was organized by Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) jointly with Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe), and NewSpace India Limited (NSIL). Over 170 companies and 8000 business visitors were featured in the expo with more than 440 B2B and B2G meetings leading to the signing of over 12 MoU’s. ‘Accelerating Tomorrow: Harnessing the Potential of the Space Sector for Unified Expansion’ was the theme this year. Dr. S. Somanath emphasized ISRO's dedication to integrating commercial businesses into upcoming initiatives in order to create a robust space ecosystem. He emphasized the value of the expo in promoting cooperation between industry and science. 800 delegates and more than 150 speakers from 14 nations, including Australia, the UK, Russia, Sweden, and Italy, participated in the event. Major themes covered by the conference included reforms and policies of the Indian space sector, their impact on the industry as well as related standards, guidelines, and practices. The conference also deliberated on ten-year vision roadmap for Indian space economy, business opportunities existing within various Indian space sectors, socio-economic impacts of space technology, and commercial possibilities of emerging and advanced space technologies.
BSX→ Bengaluru. Credit: isro.gov.in
References
ISRO. "Bengaluru Space Expo (BSX) 2024." [ isro.gov.in]
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September equinox
22th September, 2024
One of the two times a year when the day and night are nearly the same length anywhere on Earth is the September equinox, which occurred September 22, 2024, at 12:43 UTC. This was an event as the Sun was crossing the celestial equator from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere. It marked the beginning of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere while spring in the Southern, thus marking the changes with the seasons in the global world. The word equinox, derived from two Latin words: aequus (equal) and nox (night), emphasised the balance of equal day and night. Cultural and traditional practices often coincided with the equinox. It was mostly celebrated in ancient societies as a time of harvest, thanksgiving, and preparing for the cold months that were to come. Contemporary observations included astronomical studies whereby the equinox was a reference point in calibrating timekeeping and in understanding Earth's axial tilt. The event also reflected the intricate motions of the planet and how these were connected to the cycles of seasons, which in turn connected human activities to celestial phenomena.
NOAA's GOES East satellite captured the moment of the autumnal equinox from space on Sept. 23, 2019. Credit: fururecdn.net
References
SPACE.com. "Autumnal equinox 2024 brings fall to the Northern Hemisphere today." [ space.com]
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SpaceX Crew-9 Expedition to ISS
28nd September, 2024
NASA's SpaceX Crew-9 mission, carrying two astronauts, launched on Saturday aboard the ISS (International Space Station) for science expedition. It marks the first crewed mission launched from the Space Launch Complex-40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida and is the space agency's ninth commercial crew rotation mission to the station. A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched the Dragon spacecraft into orbit with NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Roscosmos cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov aboard. More than 200 scientific research will be carried out by the crew members, including ones on blood coagulation, the impact of moisture on space-grown plants, and how astronauts' vision changes throughout the voyage. In February 2025, Williams and Wilmore will join Hague and Gorbunov on their return to Earth from the space station.
NASA's SpaceX Crew-9 mission to the International Space Station launches a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket carrying the company's Dragon spacecraft. Credit: nasa.gov
References
NASA. "Liftoff! NASA’s SpaceX Crew-9 Launches to International Space Station." [ nasa.gov]